سیستم هوشمند هدایت شغلی برای داوطلبان ورود به دانشگاه جامع علمی کاربردی
محورهای موضوعی :مصطفی یوسفی طزرجان 1 * , مریم ملاباقر 2
1 - عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه جامع علمی کاربردی، گروه صنعت، کرج، ایران
2 - عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه جامع علمی کاربردی، گروه مدیریت و خدمات اجتماعی، تهران، ایران
کلید واژه: دانشگاه جامع علمی کاربردی, درخت تصمیم, سیستم خبره, فازي, هدایت شغلی, انتخاب رشته.,
چکیده مقاله :
هدف: هدف این پژوهش، طراحی و پیادهسازی یک سیستم هوشمند برای هدایت شغلی داوطلبان دانشگاه جامع علمی کاربردی مبتنی بر ویژگیهای شخصیتی، نوع رشتهها و مراکز آموزشی است. روش شناسی: پژوهش حاضر از نظر هدف، کاربردی است. برای شناسایی الگوهای موفق در انتخاب رشته صحیح، از درخت تصمیم استفاده شد. درخت تصمیم روی دادههای دانشآموختگان قبلی دانشگاه اجرا شد تا الگوهای موفق در انتخاب رشته شناسایی شوند. در ادامه برای متقاضیان ورود به دانشگاه، سیستم خبره فازی طراحی شد. طراحی سیستم خبره با استفاده از مصاحبه نیمهساختاریافته با خبرگان این حوزه شامل اساتید رشته مشاوره شغلی و مدیران دانشگاه و مبتنی بر نتایج مصاحبه با خبرگان این حوزه انجام شده است. پیادهسازی درخت تصمیم و سیستم خبره با استفاده از زبان برنامهنویسی پایتون، صورت گرفته است. این سیستم ابزاری برای کمک به تصمیمسازی داوطلبان ورود به دانشگاه جامع علمی کاربردی مبتنی بر شاخصها و مکانیزم پذیرش است. یافتهها: الگوی موفقیت دانشآموختگان قبلی دانشگاه با درخت تصمیم استخراج شد. برای آموزش درخت تصمیم از اطلاعات 142 نفر از دانشآموختگان قبلی دانشگاه استفاده شد. سیستم خبره فازی برای هدایت شغلی داوطلبان دانشگاه ایجاد گردید. برای ارزیابی صحت سیستم طراحی شده، ابتدا مدل و قواعد پیادهسازی شده برای 3 نفر از خبرگان مشاوره انتخاب رشته شرح داده شد و به تایید آنها رسید و سپس سیستم پیشنهادی برای 67 نفر از داوطلبان اجرا و نتایج با نظر این خبرگان مقایسه و صحت پیادهسازی مدل تایید شد. نتیجهگیری: این سیستم خبره فازی با ارائه توصیههای شخصیشده و مبتنی بر داده، بهبود کیفیت تصمیمگیری، کاهش عدم تطابق در انتخابهای تحصیلی و حمایت از مشاوران در نقشهای راهنمایی، فرآیند انتخاب رشتههای دانشگاهی را به طور قابل توجهی بهبود میبخشد. سامانه نرمافزاری، دسترسی آسان را از تمام نقاط کشور امکانپذیر میکند و دانش خبرگان را برای طیف وسیعی از داوطلبان، با کمترین هزینه فراهم میسازد.
Objective: The purpose of this research is to design and implement an intelligent system for the career guidance of UAST candidates based on personality characteristics, types of fields and educational centers. Methodology: The present research is practical in terms of its purpose. A decision tree was used to identify successful patterns in choosing the right field. The decision tree was implemented on the data of previous university graduates to identify successful patterns in choosing a major. Next, a fuzzy expert system was designed for university applicants. The design of the expert system is based on semi-structured interviews with experts in this field, including career counseling professors and university managers, based on the results of interviews with experts in this field. The success pattern of previous university graduates was extracted with a decision tree. The information of 142 former university graduates was used to train the decision tree. The implementation of the decision tree and expert system has been done using the Python programming language. In this research, a system has been created to help the candidates to enter UAST based on the indicators and the admission mechanism. Fuzzy expert system was created to guide the career of university candidates. To evaluate the accuracy of the designed system, first the model and the implemented rules were explained to 3 experts in field selection counseling and they got their approval, and then the proposed system was implemented for 67 candidates and the results were compared with the opinion of these experts and the accuracy of the model were confirmed. Conclusion: This fuzzy expert system can significantly improve the process of choosing university majors by providing personalized and data-based recommendations, enhancing decision-making, reducing inconsistencies in academic choices, and supporting counselors in guidance roles. The software system enables easy access from all parts of the country and provides expert knowledge to a wide range of volunteers at the lowest cost. Originality: The software system enables easy access from all parts of the country and provides expert knowledge to a wide range of volunteers at the lowest cost.
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